Vibration damper



March 7, 1939.

A. J. ABoczz Re. 21,021

VIBRATION DAMPER 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR.

A. J. BOCZ VI BRAT I ON DAMPER March 7, 1939.

Original Filed July 30, 1927 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR.

l March` 7, 1939.

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'Reimed'Mse 7, 193s Re. 21,021

UNITED STATES PATENT 'OFFICE y VIBRATION DAMIEB Alexander J. Bocz,Detroit, Mich.

Original No. 1,886,246, dated November 1, 1932. Serial No. 209,460, July30, 1927. Application for reissue June 14, 1937, Serial No. 148.192

4 Claims. (Cl. 'I4-574) My invention relates to a new and useful bal-Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line, 2-2, of ancer and silencer forengines, machines, appa- F18. 1- ratuses, etc. and is attached to arotating part, Fig. 3 is a front elevation view of a modiedwhere thevibrating force or forces exist. form of the invention applied to thefront end of It is an object of the present invention to proacrankshaft. 5 vide a device which counteracts the unbalanced Fig. 4` isa side elevational view oi the form force or forces set up in arevolving part or shaft Shown in Fig. 3 in Section. and to overcome theout of balance or the revolv- Fig. 5 is a front elevation view ofanother modiing part or shaft thus eliminating any vibration, fled formof the invention. 0 whether due to out oi balance or to the uneven Fig.6 is a section view taken on line, 3 3, oi 10 forces delivered theretoor the resonance vibra- Fig. 5. Y

moles, it is most desirable to reduce said vibrain fragment, and anotherform of the invention tions to a minimum to permit the building oflight, is applied therewcheap and durable cars, also for otherindustrial Fig. is a fragmentary view taken on line, purposes, and alsoto prolong life, cheapen manu- 5-5. 0f Fig. 9.

facturing and reduce operating noise of machines, Fig. 11 is a frontelevational view oi a vfurther i0 apparatuses, etc. The various forces,which modified form 0f the invention.

cause the objectionable vibrations on the shaft Fig- 12 iS e SectionView 0n line. 6 3. 0f F18- 11 or in a. revolving body are described inmy Patent Fis. 13 is a front elevation view of a further 1,756,898 andmy Canadian Patents #286,909, modified fOrm 0f the invention.

#290,681 and 302,883. Fig. 14 is a. sectional view taken online, 95

The present invention provides `a simple and 0f Fig. 13. sensitivemeans, which is effective in counter.- Fig. 15 is a front elevationalview of a further balancing all the unbalanced forces as well asmodified Olm 0f my invention. dampening all the vibrations. Tnerorcesde- Fis. 161s a sectional view taken on line. .-8. scribed in my patentsare counterbalanced by my 0f Fig. 15. i 30 devices as illustratedtherein, and the present Fis. 17 is a front elevation view of anotherform invention has the advantage oi' being simple in 0f theinventionstructure, and is mounted on or between yieldable F18. 18 is aSectional View taken 0n line, 9 9, -or elastic means; whose naturalvibrations are 0f Fig. 17.

thus eliminated or reduced. My devices also em- In Fig. 1 .iS a yWheelCOmpliSing en annuler 35 body the element-@ontrouw means, with which rim50. secured by Suitable bolts Il passed element the patent to Wilcox312,780, and pattherethrough to the faces of said rim 50. the relents toMorgan 379,022 and 427,103 will function temer 52, having the tongues53. radiating outat any speed or all direction oi vibrations. Wardlytherefrom- TheSe retainers are adapted The vibrationless mounting of mydevice conto engage iirxnly the segments 54, which are made 40 centratesalmost all the forces on or between 0f Soft 01 medium rubber 0I' Cork.ete.

said controlled meang' to which the xible or These retainers arealternately oil'set as at 55 yieldablel disc or spokes are secured, onwhich and provided with pocket 56' in which the ses" disc or vspokes thebalancingmass or masses are ments 54 are Secured tonmit the now of saida concentrically arranged, and during operation rubber The nm 5'segments u and the re' tainers 52 are assembled together. the entiremass of my device assumes its center part line due to the flexible orelastic mounting. The device is muuntd to a revolving on or betw l eans,or there is rovided a The\various modifications are shown with thesleeveg-l Isiig; gay 'be keyed to sm) part and adaptations of my naturalvibrationless ilexible threaded on its pephery This sleeve has at 50means. With these means I use mv invention in one end 5a a, tapered faceon its inner side.l A the accompanying drawings. which ferm e Perf nut59 is adapted for threading on the sleeve 51; 0f this Specification andin which. l this nut is also provided with a beveled inner iace Fig. 1is a iront elevation view of one form o! 00. The said segments,retainers and ring are the invention. assembled and positioned on thesleeve in the tion; the so-called critical speed of vibration. Fig. 'lis a front elevational view of another- The vibration, resulting fromunbalanced forces, modified form of the invention.

for instance, in an internal combustion en- Fig. 8 is a view taken online, 4 4. of Fig. 7.

gine used for driving automobiles and other ve- Fig. 9 is a irontelevational viewfof an enine l5 manner shcwnin Fig. 2: a threading ofthe nut 59 will effect a clamping of said segments. This arrangementforces the segments firmly to engage radially the inner surface of saidrim, and the flow of the rubber is'limited in all directions in saidpockets.

A lock nut 9| is threaded on the sleeve l1 and serves to lock the nut 59in its position. I have also provided a lock 92 which has a portion 92'angularly turned to engage notches 83 formed in thelock nut 9| and whichalso has an inwardly projected tongue 94 to engage in grooves 9|formed'in the sleeve l1.

In operation the rim I9 tends to stay in its plane of revolution, thenthe torque reaction tends to displace the centerline of the revolvingpart, either through whipping, twisting or bending the shaft or in anyother way 'striving to move the device out of its plane of revolution.Since the rim is connected with yieldable connections, and saidconnections are attached to said shaft by yleldable means or by saidsleeve. said segments respond to any or all forces, and the inertia ofthe rim I9 will oppose and neutralize said forces.

The assembled device is a exible ywheel, whose spokes are said segments,and the rim is mounted concentrically thereon, and the center portion ofsaid segments either is secured by yieldable mounted means or saidsleeve is attached to the revolving shaft or body. 'I'he inertia of therim always resists any forces delivered to said segments or anydisplacement of the centerline of the revolving shaft or part to whichit is attached.

This same arrangement is maintained through the various modificationswhich I have shown and illustrated in the drawings, and in thoseparticular instances in which some special operation of the device is'eifected, attention willl be directed thereto.

In Figs. 3 and 4 'I have illustrated a modified form of my inventionincorporated in a crankshaft. The balancing device is mounted on thefront end of the crankshaft 98 and held in place by the starting Jaw nut99, comprising; a fLvwheel 19 having slits 'Il in the web 12 to increasethe flexibility of the vweb of said flywheel, and circular holes 19 areprovided, so that the flexibility of said web is further increased andthe parts of the rim 19 are secured to the outer yedge ofA In Fig. 4 isshown the center portion of said web secured by a collar 18 and bolts,rivetsor other means 18, to the fan pulley 11, which has an extendingsleeve 18 provided with a key 19, for fastening to the crankshaft 69, orsaid web can be mounted on or between elastic means to said shaft.

In this structure, the web of said ywheel is the flexible spokes, towhich the parts of said rim are attached, and during operation of thisdevice, the inertia parts of said rim always resist the axial and radialdisplacements ofthe centerline of the revolving crankshaft, due to theflexibility of said web.

In the structure shown in Figs. 5 and 6, the flexible ywheel comprises,a rim 8| having a hub or sleeve 82 and at one end a flange 99 and theinside of the said flange provides pocket 8l, in

which the balls 8l are secured with a ring 89, which has also pockets81. and the center portion oftheringisprovidedwithaholelltoslip over thethreaded end of the hub 99, a lock washer '99 has portions 99' turned toengage the notches in the lock nut 9|, and'it has an inwardly projectingtongue 92 to connect a groove 99 formed in the hub I2. The balls 85engage in anopening 94 formed in the saddle 95, the legs 98 and 91 ofwhich embrace the spring leaves 98 through which bolts or notches areprovided for securing the same to the saddle 95. The ends of the longestleaf of said springs engage the pins 99 which are secured on the rim 8|.Turning the nut 9|'on the threaded end of the sleeve 89 will force theballs 99 to clamp the springs 99 firmly with the pins 99; the rim 8|,and the sleeve 82 are now in an assembled position. Then the portion 99'is turned into one of the notches of the lock nut 9| preventingdisengagement.

The assembled balancing device is a resilient flywheel, whose spokes aresaid springs, the center portion of said springs being secured byyieldable means to dampen and silence the resonance vibrations; or saidsleeve is attached to vthe revolving shaft or body, and this device willfunction exactly as described in Figs. l and 2;

In Figs 7 and 8 I have illustrated a type of the balancing device 19already described in Figs. 3 and 4 and now the flexible web 12 isattached to a tubular clamp -|9|, and inside oi' the tubular clamp |92is lined with yieldable material blocks |99, whose ow is limited by saidclamp, they being slipped over the hub or sleeve |94, said sleeve havingribs |95 to insure a permanent position for said blocks and tubularclamp on the sleeve |9I. 'I'he bolts |98 are projected'through the lugs|91,.which are formed on the Said clamp, and the nuts |98 are turned toset the required tension for clamping the yieldable blocks |93 to thesleeve |94; thus the flow of the rubber is limited through thisarrangement. The said sleeve has a key-way 94' for attaching to a shaft.

By mounting the flexible vdevice on yieldable means thelresonancevibrations are diminished, and less weight is required to balancevibrations because the vibrating forces are concentrated on or to theyieldable blocks |93, whose flow is limited and whose mean radius issmaller than the mean radius of the assembled flexible flywheel. Thusall the resonance vibrations are eliminated, and any or all vibratingforces are concentrated to its plane of revolution of this device, andthe said forces are opposed or neutralized or dampened or resisted bythe inertia of this device.

In Figs. 9 and 10 I have illustrated an internal combustion enginehaving a timer housing 81. The selected ilywheel is described in Figs. 3and 4, to it any balancing or dampening device can be applied toconcentrate the mass of said device to a yieldable mounting on arevolving shaft or a bOdyf A fan pulley |99 is provided with a sleeve||9 and it has a key-way to securesaid sleeve to the crankshaft ||2 by akey III.

'Ihe hole ||9 is lled with yieldable blocks III.

A convex collar H5 is smaller than said hole so I that the ow of theyieldable blocks is limited in said hole, and said collar has a largecenter opening ||9 through which thesleeve H9 is projected. 'lhe collar||5 is provided with grooves in which the rollers are placed, and theypartly project into the blocks IM.

'I'he center `portion of the web has a. large hole Il, and a portion I|8which portion partly ernbraces the surface of the said convex collar. InFig. 10 the fan pulley |99 has holes |29.v The web 12 has bosses |2I, inwhich the holes |22 are larger than the bolts |23, which bolts projecttherethrough between the blocks ||4, thus the natural vibration of saidbolts are prevented. 'I'he nuts |24 and bolts |23 hold the device in anassembled position, which is shown in Fig. 10.

The assembled device requires less weight to 'overcome or balance theunbalanced forces in and circumferentially due to the rollers I|1, and

universally due to the convexity of the collar. Of course any or all thecombined movements of this device are limited by yieldable means andsaid movements always oppose any vibrations regardless of theirdirections. d

The yleldable blocks ||4 are enclosed in a space to limit the ilow ofsaid material in any direction tached to any revolving part.

and thus the yieldability of said material is preserved for the life ofthis device.

In Figs. l1 and 12 is a further modied form of my invention. 'Ihe web ofthe ilexible ywheel 10 is altered to suit the exible mounting, whosenatural vibrations are being controlled; this is shown in Fig. 12.

The web 12 has bosses |21 and beads |23 to minimize the naturalvibrations of said web, the bosses having large holes |29 for projectingthe bolts |30 therethrough. The center portion of said web has a largehole |3| through which the sleeve |32 passes. The sleeve |32 has a pairof lugs |33 and |34, each of which has its inner face formed with aconvex portion |35, which accommodates the beads |23. The arms |36radiate outwardly from the sleeve and the bolts |30 are Y projectedthrough the holes |31 in said arms.

One end of each of the springs |39 engage the bosses |21 and the otherends |39 of said springs engage the bushing |40 in order to guide and tosquare said springs against deflection; to increase the resistance ofsaid springs some yieldable material can be inserted in their cores andthe natural vibrations of said springs will be prevented. Each of saidbushings is provided with a hole, through which the bolts |30 areslipped, and a iiange |42 insures a good bearing surface on a collar|43, which has holes for the bolts |30; its center also has a largerhole |45 for pressing the same on the sleeve |32.

' The ends o`f the said Vbolts have nuts |46 and lock washers |4| toadjust the proper tension on said springs. The parts are assembled withthe` flexible flywheel 10, and the sleeve |32 has a key-way |44 throughwhich this device is at- The rim or sections, which are attached to said4 flexible web will balance the same vibrating forces as described inFigs. 3 and 4: and the mass of said ywheel will overcome the vibrationsof the other end of said shaft through the use of the natln'alvibrationless resilient mounting.

The difference between the mean diameters of the mounting and the devicepermits the building of a lighter and much more sensitive device.

In Figs. 13 and 14 is shown a different type of my invention, and itsmounting is shown in Fig. 14'. The rim |43 is formed integral with theilexible web |43. This web contains several openma; the center opening|60 is iagger than the diameter of the sleeve |5|. which 'sleeve has aflange |52' and bosses |53. 'Ihey are provided with holes for the bolts|54'. The holes |55 are larger in the web than the diameter of saidbolts. A cup |56 is pressedlnto each of the openings of said web; inthese lcups one end of the springs |51 is secured against anydispl'acement; the other end of said springs is located and guidedsquared by pins |56, which are pressed into a collar |59 which collarhas holes |60 for the bolts |54, and said collar is slidable on theouter diameter of said sleeve and a key is used to prevent turning onthe sleeve |5|.

By this method the springs are guided and squared against deflection andthe center. of said springs are cored with yieldable material to preventthe natural vibrations of said springs.

'I'he inner surface of said ilange is provided with pockets |6| tolocate the balls |62; they are engaged by projections |63 which areformed on the web |49.

'Ihe nuts |64 are turned to adjust the proper tension on the springs |51and the device is assembled and shown in Fig. 14.

The sleeve |5| is' provided with a key-way to fasten the device on ashaft or body.

During operation the mass of this device is capable of moving axially,radially andA circumferentially; the weight of the rim takes care ofonly the movement for which it was built.

' In Figs. 15 and 16 is shown an entirely different type of my inventionand the flexible flywheel is mounted between natural vibrationlessflexible means as shown in Fig. 16.

The rim |49 is formed in one piece with the exible web |40. 'I'his webcontains several holes; the center hole |50 is larger than the diameterof the sleeve |51' the small holes |65 are larger than the diameter ofthe bolts |66.

'I'he inside of the an'ge |61 is pro'vided with grooves |68 to engagethe semi-ball ends of the saddle |69 and they have arms |10 to embracethe leaves of the springs |1| and they are kept together by any means.

'Ihe longer ends of the leaf springs |1|' are located on projections |12formed on said web. The guiding and squaring pins |12 are pressed intothe other side of said web, on which pins one end of each of the coilsprings |14 is mounted, and their natural vibrations are prevented aspreviously described. The other end of each of said springs is locatedon the squaring and guiding pins |13, which are pressed into a collar|15 and said collar has holes |16 for the bolts |66 and the centerportion |11 of said collars fits on the sleeve, which has key |16 toprevent the collar |15 from turning thereon.

Another Way is shown i. e. how to guide the springs against deection bycuring with soft yieldable material to keep the end oi' the springssquare with the centerline so that the natural vibrations oi saidsprings are prevented, and their resistance is greatly increased.

'I'he washers |19 and nuts |60 are on the bolts |16 as shown in Fig. 16and by turning said nuts the proper tension is put on said ilexiblemeans. The assembled device can beattached to a revolving part toovercome all vibrations therein,

1 whereby the inertia of the device is used, which inertia mass isconcentrated to a mean diameter III. In the center part of said spaceris a large hole |81 through which the sleeve projects. The

bolts l pass through large holes Il in said Spacer.

The balls Illl are engaged in the grooves ill and are fastened in theflexible web 12. The center of this web has a large hole |93 throughwhich the sleeve IBI is projected and the bosses ISI have larger holes|92 than the diameter of the bolts |88 which holes permit a playtherebetween.

One end of each of the springs |02 located on said bosses'` and theother ends of said springs |94 are inserted in bushings |95 and each ofsaid bushings is provided with a hole and flange |06; said flanges areconnected to a collar |98, which collar has a large hole I to provide aclearance for the sleeve lai, and also holes are provided for said boltsin said collar.

'Ihe bolts I have lock washers 2 and nuts 20| at the ends thereof, andturning the nuts on ythe bolts puts the tension on thenatural-vibration-less spring III, which method has been previouslydescribed.

During the operation the inertia masses of this device are variable,because the spacer has movements independent of the exible flywheel,which movements will displace the revolving centerline axially andradially of this device for counter-balancing the unbalanced forces; orthe inertia masses of this device can be mounted on or between elasticmeans to a revolving shaft or body to eliminate all the resonancevibrations therewith as well as any or all vibrations in a revolvingpart because all the sectional inertia masses have independent axial andradial movements from each other.

Each of the various forms of my invention illustrated are believed to bepractical and new as simple methods are used for overcoming theunbalanced forces and out-of-balance of any revolving part. and theresonance vibrations. which may exist in any revolving part of anengine, machine. etc., where it is desirable to reduce such vibrations.

In the claims it will be noted that forces are l exerted by a revolvingpart. These are due to the unbalanced forces in the shaft or part, and

osuchforcesareeliminatedorminimiaedor anon rotating yieldable orflexible mounting and flexible connections or a ilexible disc, whosenatural l. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inner sleevemember adapted to be secured to said shaft. resilient means surroundingsaid sleeve, an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the dow of saidresilient means, and a ilywheel structure attached to said outer sleeve.said structure consistingof a segmental inertia ring and flexible radialsections supporting the segments of said ringfor axial movement relativeto each other and to said outer sleeve.

2. A vibration damper for a shaft comprising an inner .sleeve memberadapted to be secured to said shaft, resilient means surrounding saidsleeve. an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the ow of saidresilientmeans, and a iiywheel structure attached to said outer sleeve,said structure consisting of a segmental inertia ring' and flexibleradial sections supporting the segments of said ring for axial movementrelative to each other and to said outer sleeve, said controlledresilient means limiting any displacement of said flywheel structure.

3. A vibration4 damper for a shaft comprising an inner sleeve memberadapted to be secured to said shaft. resilient means surrounding saidsleeve, an outer sleeve supported by and limiting the flow of saidresilient means. and a divided flexible disc of a flywheel structureattached to said outer sleeve to dampen the natural vibration of saidexible disc, and said structure consisting sleeve, an outer sleevesupported by and limiting the flow of said resilient means, and adivided flexible disc of a ywheel structure attached to said outersleeveto dampen the natural vibration of said iiexible disc, and saidstructure conslsting oi' inertia rings and said exible disc supportingsaid rings'for axial movement relative to said outer sleeve, saidcontrolled resilient means limiting any displacement of said flexibleflywheel structure. ,t

a ALEXANDER J. BOCZ.

